Which finding would indicate a need for cesarean delivery in a pregnant woman at term?

The presence of a transverse lie in a pregnant woman at term indicates a need for cesarean delivery. In this position, the fetus lies horizontally across the uterus rather than in the optimal position for birth (head-down). This condition makes vaginal delivery impossible due to the fetal position blocking the birth canal.

In cases of transverse lie, the healthcare provider must assess further for any complications and will typically recommend a cesarean section to ensure a safe delivery for both the mother and the baby. Vaginal delivery is generally unsafe in this scenario since there is a significant risk of cord prolapse, where the umbilical cord slips into the birth canal ahead of the baby, leading to potential complications.

Other factors, such as the presence of a fetal heartbeat, a diagnosis of gestational diabetes, or uncontrolled hypertension, while important in the overall assessment of maternal and fetal health, do not independently necessitate a cesarean delivery. Fetal heartbeat is a normal finding, gestational diabetes can often be managed with close monitoring or treatment, and uncontrolled hypertension would require careful management but does not automatically lead to cesarean delivery unless complications arise that warrant surgical intervention.