Which side effect should the nurse monitor for in a patient receiving magnesium sulfate?

Monitoring for decreased respirations in a patient receiving magnesium sulfate is critical due to the medication's potential to cause respiratory depression. Magnesium sulfate acts as a central nervous system depressant, which can lead to a significant decrease in respiratory drive. This is particularly important when the serum magnesium level rises above the therapeutic range, as higher concentrations can lead to various systemic effects, including respiratory compromise.

The nurse must assess the patient's respiratory rate and depth regularly, as well as monitor for any signs of respiratory distress, such as shallow breathing or diminished breath sounds. Early detection of respiratory depression can prompt timely interventions, such as adjusting the dosage or administering calcium gluconate as an antidote. By focusing on respiratory function, the nurse can ensure patient safety and prevent complications associated with magnesium toxicity.